λίαν + βαίνω

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No

Last modification

Sat, 04/20/2024 - 12:30

Word-form

λίβανος

Transliteration (Word)

libanos

English translation (word)

frankincense, frankincense tree

Transliteration (Etymon)

lian + bainō

English translation (etymon)

much + to go

Author

Choeroboscus

Century

9 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 137

Ed.

T. Gaisford, Georgii Choerobosci epimerismi in Psalmos, vol. 3, Oxford, 1842

Quotation

Λίβανος, παρὰ τὸ λίαν βαίνειν, ἢ παρὰ τὸ λείβω τὸ σπένδω

Translation (En)

Libanos "frankincense": from "to go" (bainein) much (lian), or from leibō "to make a libation"

Comment

Compositional etymology, meant to account for the name of the tree, not for that of its product, the frankincense. This type of etymology referring to the growth of the plant is commonplace for plant names (see ἄνηθον / ἄνω + θέω, ἄνθος / ἄνω + θέω, ἄμπελος / ἀνά + πελάζω, λήϊον / λα- + εἶμι). This is a case of complementary etymology: the word has two meanings, and the etymology provided for meaning A (the tree) is different from the etymology provided for meaning B (the resin)

Parallels

Etym. Gudianum, lambda, p. 369 (Λίβανος, παρὰ τὸ λείβω τὸ σπένδω, τὸ εἰς εὐχὰς καὶ σπονδὰς ἐπιτήδειον, παρὰ τὸ ἐκεῖ νεύειν τὸν λίβαν·   ἢ παρὰ τὸ λίαν βαίνειν, ὑψηλὸν γὰρ τὸ ὄρος· ἔστι δὲ καὶ δένδρον); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 564 (Λίβανος: Παρὰ τὸ λίαν βαίνειν· ἢ παρὰ τὸ λείβω, τὸ στάζω ἢ σπένδω, ὁ λειβόμενος καὶ σπενδόμενος)

Modern etymology

Loanword from Semitic (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has λίβανος as the name of the tree, and λιβάνι (< λιβάνιον) as the name of the resin, the frankincense

Entry By

Le Feuvre