ἀ- + τλάω

Validation

No

Last modification

Mon, 02/19/2024 - 11:10

Word-form

ἀταλός

Transliteration (Word)

atalos

English translation (word)

tender, delicate

Transliteration (Etymon)

a- + tlaō

English translation (etymon)

not + to endure

Author

Apollonius Sophrologies.

Century

1 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Lexicon homericum, p. 46

Ed.

I. Bekker, Apollonii Sophistae lexicon Homericum, Berlin: Reimer, 1833 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1967)

Quotation

ἀταλόν νήπιον, ἁπαλόν, κατὰ στέρησιν τοῦ τλῆναι

Translation (En)

Atalon "tender", by privation of tlênai "to endure"

Comment

Compositional etymology. The comparison with τάλας "unfortunate", suggested that -ταλος was a variant of the latter in a privative compound. Privative compounds regularly display a recessive accent: ἀταλός contradicts the rule, but this was not a sufficient objection for Greek etymologists. The "tender" one is either the one who has not suffered at all, or the one too young to have experienced hardship—the latter interpretation results from the fact that ἀταλός mostly applies to young referents

Parallels

Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1336 (Ἀταλός Σ 567· ὁ νήπιος· εἴρηται παρὰ τὸ τλῆναι ταλός καὶ ἀταλός, ὁ μηδέπω δυνάμενος κακοπαθῆσαι. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἁπαλός, κατὰ τροπὴν ἀταλός); Etym. Symenonis, vol. 1, p. 276 (idem); Etym. Ganuinum, alpha 1337 (Ἀταλάφρονα Ζ 400· ἁπαλὸν φρόνημα ἔχοντα, τουτέστιν νήπιον, ἀνόητον· ἢ μὴ δυνάμενον τλῆναι κακοπάθειαν); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 161 (idem); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 276 (idem); Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1355 (Ἀτιτάλλειν Ε 271· τὸ τιθηνεῖν καὶ ἐκτρέφειν ἐκ νηπίων. ἔστιν ἀταλός, ὁ νήπιος, ὁ τλῆναι καὶ κακοπαθῆσαι μὴ δυνάμενος, καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἀτάλλειν καὶ ἀτιτάλλειν κατὰ ἀναδιπλασιασμόν); Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, alpha, p. 224 ( Ἀταλός· ὀξυτόνως· εἴρηται ἀπὸ τοῦ τλῆναι ταλός, ὡς καὶ τὸ τάλας, καὶ κατὰ σύνθεσιν τῆς α στερήσεως ἀταλός, ὁ μηδέπω δυνάμενος ⟦κα⟧κοπαθεῖν. ὁ δὲ Χρύσιππος <fr. om. Arnim> „ἀπὸ τοῦ ἁπαλοῦ γέγονε κατὰ τροπὴν τοῦ π εἰς τ“); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 161 (Ἀταλός: Παρὰ τὸ ἁπαλὸς, κατὰ τροπὴν, ἀταλὸς, ὁ νήπιος. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ τλῆναι, ταλὸς, καὶ ἀταλὸς, ὁ μηδέπω δυνάμενος κακοπαθεῖν); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 398 (εἰσὶ γὰρ ἀταλαὶ παρθέναι αἱ μηδὲν δυνάμεναι τλῆναι διὰ τὸ τῆς ἡλικίας ἁπαλόν); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol.3, p. 832 (Ἔστι δὲ ἀτιτάλλειν κατὰ ἀναδιπλασιασμόν, ὅπερ ἀλλαχοῦ ἀτάλλειν φησίν, ἤγουν ἀναπαύειν καὶ στερεῖν τοῦ ταλάσσειν, ἐξ οὗ τάλανες μὲν [καὶ ταλαοὶ] οἱ πολύπονοι, ἀταλοὶ δὲ οἱ μὴ πονοῦντες); Schol. Hesiodum, Op. 129ter (Εἰκὸς δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἐν γυναικωνίτιδι τεθραμμένους, καὶ οἰκοσίτους, καὶ ἀταλοὺς, καὶ μὴ δυναμένους τλῆναί τι, βραχυβίους εἶναι, καὶ οὕτω τελευτᾷν); Schol. Od. 11.38 (νέαι ἀταλαὶ, αἱ μηδὲν τλῆναι δυνάμεναι)

Modern etymology

Unclear. Leumann's (1050) hypothesis is unlikely because of the derivative ἀτιτάλλω (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre